Causes and solutions for cooling fan not working

Cooling fans play a vital role in many devices. They accelerate air flow, remove heat, and ensure that the device operates within the normal temperature range. Once the cooling fan does not work, it may cause the device to overheat, affecting its performance and life. The following will analyze in detail the reasons and solutions for cooling fans not working.

1. Overview of the working principle of cooling fans

The working principle of the cooling fan is mainly based on electromagnetic induction. The control circuit switches the order of power-on of the winding to generate a rotating magnetic field, thereby driving the rotor to rotate. Its core components include the stator, rotor and Hall sensor. The stator generates a constant magnetic field. After the rotor is powered on, it generates a magnetic field that interacts with the stator magnetic field. The Hall sensor is responsible for detecting the rotor position and angle to ensure that the current is switched in the correct order.

In the automotive field, electric fans usually use engine water temperature sensors to control the fan air supply time. When the water temperature reaches a certain threshold, the fan circuit is connected and the fan starts to run; when the water temperature drops, the circuit is disconnected, and the fan stops working. The torque converter fan and silicone oil fan clutch adjust the fan speed according to the change in air temperature flowing through the radiator through the flow of silicone oil and the deformation of the bimetallic strip.

2. Reasons why the cooling fan does not work

(1) Power supply problem: Power supply is the basis for the normal operation of the cooling fan. If the battery voltage is insufficient, or the fuse or relay is damaged, the fan may not be able to obtain sufficient power and stop working. Just like in ancient wars, the army could not maintain its combat effectiveness without sufficient food and grass supplies. The cooling fan cannot operate normally without a stable power supply.

(2) Temperature sensor failure: The temperature sensor is equivalent to the “eyes” of the cooling fan. If it fails and cannot accurately sense the temperature, it cannot send the correct start or stop signal to the fan. For example, in some smart home systems, temperature sensor failure may cause the air conditioner to be unable to automatically adjust according to the indoor temperature. Similarly, a temperature sensor failure of the cooling fan will also cause it to work abnormally.

(3) Motor failure: The motor is the “heart” of the cooling fan. Once the motor is damaged, such as burning or short-circuiting, the fan will stop rotating. This is like a person’s heart problem; the body cannot move normally.

(4) Mechanical failure: The blades of the cooling fan may be damaged or deformed due to long-term use, or the bearings may wear out, causing the fan to get stuck or rotate unsmoothly.

(5) Electrical connection problem: If the fan’s wire connector is loose, corroded, or the circuit is broken, it will cause poor electrical connection and affect the normal operation of the fan.

3. Solutions to the problem of cooling fan not working

(1) Check the power system: Use a voltmeter to check the battery voltage and make sure it is within the normal range. If the fuse is blown, replace it with a fuse of the same specification; if the relay is damaged, replace it with a new relay in time.

(2) Replace the temperature sensor: If you suspect that the temperature sensor is faulty, you can use professional testing equipment to test it or directly replace a new temperature sensor.

(3) Repair or replace the motor: In the case of motor damage, if the damage is minor, you can try to repair it, such as replacing the motor’s brushes, windings and other parts; if the damage is serious, you need to replace the entire motor.

(4) Clean or replace mechanical parts: Clean the cooling fan blades and bearings regularly to remove dust and dirt to prevent jamming. If the blades are damaged or the bearings are severely worn, they should be replaced in time.

(5) Check and repair electrical connections: Carefully check the fan’s wire connectors and lines to ensure that the connection is firm and there is no looseness, corrosion or short circuit. If there is a problem, repair or replace the damaged wires in time.